Committee Introduction

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is responsible for maintaining the international peace and security. It has 15 members in total, 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent. The non-permanent members are elected every year and they serve two-year terms. Unlike most UN organs, the UNSC has the authority to take action in its resolutions. For example, in some cases, it can impose sanctions and even authorize the use of force to provide the intended environment of peace and security.

Beginning in 2003 in the western region of Sudan, the Darfur Genocide broke out with the rebellion of non-Arab ethnic groups like Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa, against the Sudanese government by accusing it of political and economic marginalization. The government reacted by arming and supporting the militias known as the Janjaweed, which can be translated as "devils on horseback". These militias performed mass killings, destroyed villages and systematically raped people.